Efectos del contexto consonántico y del acento léxico en las vocales del español en la ciudad de Mar del Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56683/rs262198Palavras-chave:
contexto consonántico, acento léxico, vocales, españolResumo
Este estudio analiza cómo el contexto consonántico y el acento léxico influyen en las trayectorias del F1 y F2 de las vocales /a e o/ del español a partir de datos tomados de hablantes de la ciudad de Mar del Plata (provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina), caracterizadas mediante la transformada discreta del coseno (DCT), a través de sus coeficientes DCT 0 (promedio) y DCT 1 (magnitud y dirección del cambio formántico). Participaron 20 hablantes nativos (10 mujeres, 10 hombres), quienes produjeron las vocales precedidas por /p t k/. Los resultados revelan que /k/ y /p/ generaron vocales más bajas (F1 más alto) que /t/, siendo /k/ la consonante que promovió trayectorias más bajas del F1 y mayor movimiento formántico, especialmente en /e/ y /a/ tónicas. En el F2, /k/ y /t/ produjeron vocales más anteriores en los valores medios, pero trayectorias más posteriores; /p/ mostró un patrón mixto, con vocales más posteriores en los valores medios y trayectorias más anteriores. El acento léxico condicionó los efectos coarticulatorios: los valores medios fueron más sensibles al contexto en sílabas tónicas, mientras que las trayectorias del F2 mostraron mayor dinamismo y menor consistencia direccional en las átonas. La vocal /o/ fue la más estable en todos los contextos. Finalmente, se observaron diferencias entre géneros, con efectos no completamente uniformes del contexto y del acento.
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